Abstract
Discourse analysis has become a cornerstone of modern linguistic inquiry, extending the study of language beyond sentence-level structures to the analysis of meaning in context. This article provides an expanded and in-depth examination of discourse analysis within linguistics, focusing on its theoretical foundations, methodological diversity, empirical findings, and interdisciplinary applications. Drawing on a qualitative synthesis of key scholarly works and discourse samples, the study demonstrates how discourse analysis reveals the interaction between language, cognition, and society. The findings indicate that discourse is not merely a linguistic product but a dynamic process shaped by context, power relations, and cultural norms. The article argues for a multi-method approach integrating qualitative and quantitative techniques to advance the field.