Abstract
The Western Ghats, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, represents one of India’s most significant biodiversity hotspots and geomorphological landscapes. Characterized by steep slopes, undulating hills, and complex river networks, the region is highly susceptible to soil erosion due to natural factors such as rainfall intensity, slope gradient, and lithology, as well as anthropogenic activities including deforestation, agriculture, and urbanization. Soil erosion in the Western Ghats not only results in loss of fertile topsoil but also contributes to sedimentation in rivers, degradation of water quality, and increased vulnerability to landslides. This research examines the geomorphological features, patterns of soil erosion, and underlying causal mechanisms in the Western Ghats, integrating field observations, remote sensing, GIS analysis, and secondary data sources. The study underscores the critical need for sustainable land management practices, soil conservation measures, and policy interventions to mitigate environmental degradation while preserving the ecological integrity of the region.